OrthoNet

Enchondroma

- benign tumor of mature hyaline cartilage, originating within the medullary cavities of long bones possibly from remnants of epiphyseal plate
- commonly occur in 2nd, 3rd & 4th decades
- typically in short tubular bones of hands & feet as well as femur & humerus
- Ollier’s disease (multiple enchondromatosis) - unilateral & 10-30% risk of transformation to chondrosarcoma
- Maffucci’s syndrome - multiple enchondromas with soft tissue angiomas (increased risk of transformation to chondrosarcoma - 50%?)

Signs & Symptoms:
- painless & usu diagnosed incidentally on xray

Xrays:
- well-defined with clear demarcation btw them & surrounding normal bone with punctate calcifications
- tend to expand bone & thin cortex

Histology:
- lobular & hypocellular with cartilaginous matrix containing chondrocytes located within lacunae
- cells have small uniform nuclei lacking atypia & the matrix may be focally calcified

Treatment:
- asymptomatic lesions can be observed & followed longitudinally
- symptomatic lesions should be biopsied then curetted & bone grafted